7 Small City Housing • Themes conditions,” safety concerns, and the lack of reinvestment, creating ongoing challenges. This lack of reinvestment is often tied to long-term economic decline and stands in contrast to other Eastern Pennsylvania cities, like Allentown and Quakertown, where diverse housing stock is generally well preserved but limited. Constraints related to single-family zoning were most often highlighted in cities already dominated by singlefamily development. Low-density zoning reinforces these patterns and limtis housing choice. These places include Ann Arbor, Martha’s Vineyard, Greensburg, and Meadville. While every city represented at the Co-Lab has some form of single-family zoning, it was discussed predominantly as an issue in communities without a strong history of diverse housing types or extensive prezoning fabric. Although they share housing form, their market conditions differ significantly, and each also share qualities with cities in other thematic categories. Ann Arbor’s housing market has strong demand and rising prices, mirroring the cities that highlighted the affordability crisis. Greensburg and Meadville more closely mirror the weak-market conditions of aging cities. Despite these differences in local context and housing demand, the challenges of single-family zoning remain a common burden. Zoning Constraints
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