11 and small multifamily buildings, including “duplexes” and “rowhouses”. These valuable housing types are often non code compliant. In these cities, housing costs remain more moderate than in cities that focused their responses on the affordability crisis, with value-toincome ratios closer to 3.5 - 4.8. Several small cities were grouped based on the conditions or issues that participants identified as most prominent in their communities. When overlaid with additional factors, the groups also reflect shared combinations of regional dynamics, market strength, historic housing patterns, and regulatory frameworks. As a result, clusters prove quite meaningful. For example, affordability is a national issue, but the specific pressures on local housing stock vary. Cities face blight and weak markets, constrained single-family urban fabrics, or rising demand as “commuter cities” with major institutions. As a result, making these groupings clarify the opportunities and constraints that shape different housing outcomes and inform where learning exchanges can be most effective in smaller urban contexts. Housing Diversity Small City Housing • Themes is it possible to identify Given these patterns distinct "types" of places or forms of smallness
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