66 PERSPECTIVES ON BUSINESS AND ECONOMICS | VOL 43 | 2025 fines refugee status, rights, and the legal obligations states have to protect them. Without this process, Taiwan lacks a comprehensive framework for vulnerable populations wishing to enter. Draft asylum laws were introduced in parliament in 2005, 2011, and 2016, but all failed due to an inability to reach a consensus on the legislation. Human rights groups like the Taiwan Association for Human Rights, Amnesty International Taiwan, and those supporting protesters in Hong Kong have called on Taiwan to provide clear guidance. From an economic perspective, it is unclear why policymakers or the public would oppose welcoming immigrants to address the declining population. Some argue that Taiwanese people hold negative views of refugees specifically, citing concerns about public security, terrorism, religious differences, and the behavior of immigrants (Kironska, 2024). Immigration policy should be liberalized to welcome refugees, with a quota system ensuring numbers remain economically sustainable. The human rights groups must collaborate to develop a comprehensive lobbying strategy for passing focused asylum legislation that meets all the requirements of the 1951 Refugee Convention. Conclusion Amid geopolitical tension and instability, Taiwan must adopt a multifaceted approach to address its low birth rate and declining population. By implementing comprehensive policy reforms in three key areas—social norms, reproductive health care access, and immigration—meaningful change is achievable. Success in each area requires coordinated efforts from advocacy groups and local communities to ensure Taiwan’s social and economic stability for generations to come. References Addison, C. (2001, May 12). ‘Silicon shield’ may protect from China attack. Taipei Times. Chen, M. (2024). Late transition to parenthood in high-income and low-fertility East Asian societies. Asian Population Studies, 20, 241–244. doi:10.1080/17441730.2024.2348931 Chen, M., Kotsopoulos, N., Ming-Fang Yen, A., Lin, K., & Connolly, M. P. (2025). Estimating the public economic gains in Taiwan from in vitro fertilization (IVF) subsidy changes implemented in 2021. Human Reproduction, 40, 328–334. doi:10.1093/humrep/deae271 Chen, W. (2012). The changing pattern of educational differentials in divorce in the context of gender egalitarianization: The case of Taiwan. Population Research and Policy Review, 31, 831–853. doi:10.1007/s11113-012-9250-9 Cheng, Y. A. (2023). The changing face of intimate premarital relationships in Taiwan. Journal of Marriage and Family, 85, 987–1001. doi:10.1111/jomf.12915 Cheng, Y. A., & Loichinger, E. (2017). The future labor force of an aging Taiwan: The importance of education and female labor supply. Population Research and Policy Review, 36, 441–466. doi:10.1007/s11113-016-9423-z Cheng, Y. A., & Yang, C. W. (2021). Continuity and changes in attitudes toward marriage in contemporary Taiwan. Journal of Population Research, 38, 139–167. doi:10.1007/s12546-021-09259-z Cheng-yu, Y., & Pan, J. (2023, October 30). IN FOCUS: Budgets for care plans for 65 and up rising, officials say. Taipei Times, p. 3. Cherlin, A. J. (2021). Rising nonmarital first childbearing among college-educated women: Evidence from three national studies. PNAS, 118, e2109016118. doi:10.1073/pnas.2109016118 Chiang, Y., & Park, H. (2023). Three decades of gender and education differentials in attitudes toward divorce in Taiwan, 1985–2015. Asian Population Studies, 19, 22–39. doi:10.1080/17441730.2021.2004649 Ching-hui, L., & Chin, J. (2024, February 17). Taiwan, India ink MOU on workers. Taipei Times. Department of Gender Equity. (2024). 2024: Gender at a glance in R.O.C. (Taiwan). Executive Yuan. Department of Household Registration. (2024). Number and rates of birth, death, marriage and divorce. Ministry of the Interior (Taiwan). Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics (2025). Employment and Unemployment Statistics Exploration & Information System. Executive Yuan. Executive Yuan. (2022, October 27). Allowances and subsidies expanded to tackle low birth rates. Republic of China (Taiwan). Goh, S. K., Wong, K. N., McNown, R., & Chen, L. (2023). Long-run macroeconomic consequences of Taiwan’s aging labor force: An analysis of policy options. Journal of Policy Modeling, 45, 121–138. doi:10.1016/j.jpolm od.2023.01.006 Hsiao, S. (2021, May 3). Groups urge law to protect migrant domestic workers. Taipei Times. Kim, J. (2023). Gender disparities in Confucian societies: A comparative analysis of South Korea and Taiwan. International Journal of Social Relevance & Concern, 11, 17–28. doi:10.15341/JMER(21557993)/09.05.2 Kironska, K. (2024). Taiwan’s attempts to enact an asylum law: Navigating politics, public opinion, and human rights. Central European Institute of Asian Studies. Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China (Taiwan). (2018). Assisted reproduction act. Ministry of Justice. Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China (Taiwan). (2021). Act for the recruitment and employment of foreign professionals. National Development Council. Laws & Regulations Database of the Republic of China (Taiwan). (2023). Act for implementation of J.Y. interpretation no. 748. Ministry of Justice.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTA0OTQ5OA==