Abstracts

27 preferences, should be integral to affirmative action policy formulation” (Lee & Mondi, 2018, p. 230). The formation of a defined timeline accompanied by measurable goals can help to increase adherence and accountability in South Africa’s pursuit of BEE. This ideology can mobilize BBBEE policy into an active transformation rather than a passive, encumbering piece of legislation. Conclusion South Africa’s transformation since 1994 has been a winding and arduous process that has revealed both the potential for equality and the difficulty in achieving it. BBBEE is just one mechanism that has struggled to effect change in the economic, social, and political spheres of the country. This lack of transformation can be attributed to both internal and external factors. BBBEE is amanifestation of the ideology of BEE and, as a result, has inherited the ill-defined and multifaceted nature of the term. While iterations of legislation and reports from the BEE and BBBEE Commissions have aimed to clarify the goals and measurements of BBBEE, implementation is not optimal, and there is a lack of appropriate governance. Inadequate governance and involvement in the initiative have allowed BBBEE to be used as a vehicle for state capture and corruption. In order to prevent these, policy should increase focus on empowering impoverished black South Africans via education, entrepreneurship, and gender equality. The efficacy of BBBEE also is threatened by structural issues within the South African economy. AsSouthAfrica’sGDPgrowthremains stagnant, it hinders transformation efforts, and the economy is unable to support growth. This contributes to worsening unemployment for young South Africans and a flawed education system. The education system has failed to coincide with the goals of BBBEE as many black South Africans lack advanced education. As it currently stands, BBBEE has enabled a slow rate of positive transformation, but it also has been complicit in unsatisfactory deals and corruption. In order to improve, the South African government should strive to better quantify the effects of BBBEE with an aim for a terminal status that elicits more strategic and effective change. In addition, BBBEE should increase efforts supporting entrepreneurship among young South Africans and maintain a focus on women’s empowerment within policy frameworks. In the coming years it is essential that policymakers revitalize BBBEE and demonstrate to the South African people that it provides more benefits than harm to the overall economy and the welfare of its citizens.